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煙草商所吹噓的夢想 是我們所有人的噩夢

發佈於 Jan 12, 2024
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全球最致命的產業，正試圖裝扮成你的知心好友。123 煙草商希望帶頭解決可預防死亡和疾病的頭號凶手456，也就是由他們一手造成的煙禍流行病，既想藉此領功，更要從中獲利。他們對於品牌重塑的承諾實在險惡而虛偽，以危險且令人上癮的電子煙產品，去創造一個「更美好的明天」和「無煙害的未來」，卻同時每年繼續銷售高達6萬億支香煙，包括去年才在加州推出的全新香煙。78910

不是那麼「無煙害」：煙草商在加州推出新香煙品牌

在2022年，當加州人投票決定禁止銷售大多數帶口味煙草產品，11 包括薄荷香煙，煙草商並不太在乎「無煙害」的品牌重塑，而是集中全力從新的香煙品牌中獲利，以取代被下架的產品。12 新的香煙透過網上促銷、誘人的行銷手法以及大幅的折扣，1314 專門銷售給加州人。這是來自聲稱香煙已成為過去，希望我們所有人有「更美好的明天」的同一個產業所做出的行為。1516

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煙草商的創新，是為求利潤，不為健康

創新研發不是為了人們的健康而投資，而只著眼於利潤。煙草商聲稱他們對產品創新的驅動力，是要達致更偉大更美好的整體利益。但實際上，他們並不關心大家的健康，只關心會帶來的利潤。1718 他們對於越來越多研究顯示電子煙會增加如中風等嚴重長期疾病風險，可能提高肺癌風險，並加劇焦慮和憂鬱等心理健康狀況，一直置若罔聞。1920212279808182838485

隨著過去二十年對香煙需求的緩慢下降，2324 煙草業已轉向科技新創公司，購買或投資電子煙公司或產品、25 製藥公司26 並開發下一代煙草產品，使他們產品的組合多樣化，務求能繼續令人上癮，並吸引年輕人成為「替代」用家。272829

電子煙等煙草產品，是煙草商試圖重新規範煙草使用的偽裝。煙草的使用每年導致全球8百萬人死亡。30 如果煙草商是真心希望人們戒煙並擁有「更美好的明天」，他們只需要停止銷售香煙。相反，研究表明許多利用電子煙戒煙的人，最終同時使用香煙及電子煙兩種產品，令大型煙草公司的行徑，變相成為大賺特賺的殺人行為。3132333435

煙草商聲稱他們對產品創新的驅動力，是要達致更偉大更美好的整體利益。但實際上，他們並不關心大家的健康，只關心會帶來的利潤。

煙霧與鏡花：煙草商製造出確實可靠的假象

煙草業用了數十年的時間去資助各類研究，營造出他們的主張是確實可靠的假象，一直投入大量資金影響公眾輿論，登上科學期刊的「特別版」，發布自費贊助的研究成果，以表述他們的電子煙產品更為安全。36373839 2021年7月，新聞媒體便揭發 Juul 向《美國健康行為雜誌》支付5萬1千美元，以發表11項該公司資助的研究。40 世界上最大的煙草公司之一的奧馳亞 — 也就是菲利普莫里斯美國公司的母公司及萬寶路香煙的製造商 — 正是Juul的股東。41

受聘於煙草商而行事的權益倡議組織，一直是該產業執行虛假資訊策略的關鍵。42434445 這亦有助於營造煙草業現正與公眾的健康站於一線，並肩承擔起「社會責任」的論述。46

  • 無煙害世界基金會(Foundation for a Smoke-Free World) 是一個2017年10月成立的非營利組織，其使命是「要在這一代終結吸煙」47，而這組織完全是由菲利普莫里斯國際公司(PMI)48，也就是由其中一家領導世界香煙生產商所資助。49
  • Filter雜誌 是在2018年9月由無煙害世界基金會全力支持下推出，並由菲利普莫里斯國際公司提供部分資助。51 該雜誌聲稱「以新聞業的角度倡導理性和富同情心的方式對待毒品使用、毒品政策及人權。」然而，雜誌的資金主要來自世界上最大的煙草公司及有關的前線團體。52 該雜誌並正在網上發布各式煙草商的品牌重塑「新聞」故事。
  • 煙草公司在各主要新聞媒體如《華爾街日報》、《紐約時報》和《華盛頓郵報》等購買廣告位置，刋登看起來像是新聞報導的文章，稱之為社論式廣告，以宣傳新產品和行業策略，但這其實無異於廣告刋載，以推銷電子煙產品。53

煙草商「降低傷害」的品牌重塑背後的真相

煙草商懂得只要越令人感到產品「更安全」，就越能吸引更多人使用。54

在加州，電子煙的廣泛使用是一個迫在眉睫的公共健康問題，並對年輕人尤為嚴重。現時，有11.2%的年輕人使用電子煙，在所有年齡層中比重最高。55 這些年輕人在煙草業所製造的青少年電子煙流行病最高峰期間，仍然是中學生和高中生。56 煙草業積極吸引青少年成為「替代」客戶，是因為他們的產品正不斷殺害現有客戶。57 有研究表明，吸電子煙的兒童未來每天吸香煙的可能性，是其他人的三倍。58

煙草商藉著種族主義和歧視性的制度，傷害被邊緣化的社群，並對他們進行掠奪及牟取暴利，造成與總體人口相比更高的使用率及患病率。59 在加州，經歷心理健康問題的人 (11.4%)、雙性戀者 (9.6%)、多重種族者 (9.6%) 和美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民 (9.0%) 的電子煙普及率均較高。60 煙草商正資助誤導性的研究，顯示患有精神疾病的人可使用他們的產品來舒緩症狀。61

電子煙有嚴重的長期健康風險

電子煙存在著嚴重的健康風險。使用電子煙與增加中風的風險，以及提高嚴重慢性病如慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、心臟病發和心臟疾病的風險有所關聯，並可能增加罹患肺癌的風險。62636465666779808182838485

我們也知道電子煙與心理健康問題有關連，並可改變青少年和年輕人的大腦化學物質。68 尼古丁是一種會令人上癮的腦部毒物，會加劇焦慮、憂鬱、情緒波動和令人煩躁。6970 它會永久性損害發育中的大腦，使其對各種物質較易上癮。71 使用尼古丁的年輕人，在學習能力和保持注意力方面均有負面影響，更可能會有終身性的影響。72

真正消除煙草商危害的辦法

真正終結煙草商危害的最好辦法，就是幫助有煙癮者戒煙，並防止兒童開始吸煙。煙草商導致每天有110名加州人死亡，73 每死亡一人，就有另外30人罹患與煙草相關的疾病，74 因此讓有煙癮者獲得免費、行之有效的戒煙方法(包括醫療支援)至關重要。能結合諮詢輔導及藥物治療，才是提供永久戒煙的最佳方法。75

加州強調增加和支持在人口層面的各種戒煙嘗試，是30年來基於科學驗證的策略所得的成果。加州成功地開創了戒煙支援的創新方式，有助降低煙草的流行程度。76 目前，加州是全美最多人口、最多元化的州，成人吸煙率排名卻倒數第二。77 消除戒煙的障礙，正是首要任務，因為該州有超過3百萬成年人使用煙草，其中包括香煙及電子煙。78

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按主題探索

煙草商目前耗資數十億美元在狡詐的營銷策略及政治影響力上，即使造成死亡與疾病也要獲利。
了解詳情
即使對於不使用煙草的人，也可能產生致命的後果。
了解詳情
煙草商稱孩子們為「替代客戶」， 而大煙草商更判處他們終生成癮與疾病。
了解詳情
具有種族主義的煙草商，策略性地以特定社區為目標，提供致命的產品及操控性的信息。
了解詳情
有毒煙草廢棄物及塑料污染所帶來的環境破壞與健康風險，無人能免受其害。
了解詳情
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追究煙草商責任

對於其他有害產品，加州已在保護大眾避免受到侵害，現在正是該以同樣標準對待煙草商的時候！
高聲疾呼反對煙草商！